Electron Beam Melting(EBM)
Electron Beam Selective Melting (EBSM) Txoj Cai
Zoo ib yam li laser xaiv sintering thiabXaiv Laser Meltingcov txheej txheem, electron beam selective melting thev naus laus zis (EBSM) yog lub tshuab tsim hluav taws xob sai uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab hluav taws xob ceev ceev los xaiv cov hmoov hlau tawg, yog li melting thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv hmoov.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm EBSM thev naus laus zis yog raws li nram no: ua ntej, kis ib txheej ntawm hmoov rau ntawm cov hmoov sib kis dav hlau;Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub computer tswj, lub electron beam yog xaiv melted raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional profile, thiab cov hlau hmoov yog melted ua ke, bonded nrog lub tsim ib feem hauv qab no, thiab piled txheej los ntawm txheej kom txog rau thaum tag nrho cov seem yog tag. yaj;Thaum kawg, cov hmoov ntau dhau raug tshem tawm kom tawm los ntawm cov khoom peb sab uas xav tau.Lub sijhawm tiag tiag scanning teeb liab ntawm lub khoos phis tawj sab saud raug xa mus rau lub zog quab yuam tom qab digital-rau-analog hloov dua siab tshiab thiab lub zog loj, thiab cov nqaj hluav taws xob yog deflected nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub magnetic teb generated los ntawm qhov sib thooj deflection voltage kom ua tiav kev xaiv melting. .Tom qab ntau tshaj kaum xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nws tau pom tias qee cov txheej txheem tsis xws li electron beam tam sim no, tsom rau tam sim no, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, hmoov thickness, accelerating voltage, thiab scanning hom yog ua nyob rau hauv orthogonal thwmsim.Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim.
Qhov zoontawm EBSM
Electron beam direct metal forming technology siv high-zog electron beams ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Kev txheeb xyuas tuaj yeem ua tau yam tsis muaj kev siv tshuab tsis siv neeg los ntawm kev tswj cov hlau nplaum deflection coil, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hmoov hlau los ntawm kev oxidized thaum lub sij hawm ua kua theem sintering lossis melting.Piv nrog rau laser, electron beam muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob siab, qhov tob tob, cov khoom siv siab, kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ua haujlwm tsawg thiab cov nqi kho mob.Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm EBM thev naus laus zis suav nrog kev ua haujlwm siab, qhov deformation qis, tsis xav tau kev txhawb nqa hlau thaum lub sijhawm tsim, denser microstructure, thiab lwm yam.Electron beam deflection thiab kev tswj kom pom tseeb yog nrawm dua thiab rhiab dua.Lub deflection ntawm lub laser yuav tsum tau siv lub vibrating daim iav, thiab lub vibrating daim iav rotating ceev yog heev ceev ceev thaum lub laser scans ntawm high speeds.Thaum lub zog laser nce, lub galvanometer yuav tsum muaj qhov ua kom txias dua, thiab nws qhov hnyav nce ntxiv.Yog li ntawd, thaum siv lub zog scanning ntau dua, lub laser scanning ceev yuav raug txwv.Thaum luam theej duab ntau ntau, hloov qhov focal ntev ntawm lub laser kuj nyuaj.Lub deflection thiab tsom ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob electron yog ua tiav los ntawm magnetic teb.Lub deflection thiab tsom qhov ntev ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tswj tau sai thiab nrawm los ntawm kev hloov qhov siv thiab kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb liab hluav taws xob.Lub electron beam deflection tsom qhov system yuav tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hlau evaporation.Thaum melting hlau nrog lasers thiab electron beams, cov hlau vapor yuav diffuse thoob plaws hauv qhov chaw tsim thiab coated nto ntawm tej yam khoom nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib tug hlau zaj duab xis.Lub deflection thiab tsom ntawm electron beams yog tag nrho cov ua nyob rau hauv ib tug magnetic teb, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm hlau evaporation;Cov khoom siv kho qhov muag xws li laser galvanometers yooj yim polluted los ntawm evaporation.
Laser Kuvtal Deposition(LMD)
Laser Hlau Deposition (LMD) yog thawj zaug tau thov los ntawm Sandia National Laboratory hauv Tebchaws Meskas hauv xyoo 1990, thiab tom qab ntawd tau tsim ua tiav hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb.Txij li thaum muaj ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab cov tsev kawm tshawb fawb ntawm nws tus kheej, cov thev naus laus zis no muaj ntau lub npe, txawm tias cov npe tsis zoo ib yam, tab sis lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog tib yam.Thaum lub sij hawm molding txheej txheem, cov hmoov yog sib sau ua ke ntawm lub dav hlau ua hauj lwm los ntawm lub nozzle, thiab lub laser beam kuj tau sib sau ua ke mus rau lub point no, thiab cov hmoov thiab lub teeb lub ntsiab lus yog coincident, thiab stacked cladding qhov chaw yog tau los ntawm kev tsiv los ntawm lub worktable. lub nozzle.
LENS technology siv kilowatt-class lasers.Vim qhov loj laser tsom qhov chaw, feem ntau ntau tshaj 1 hli, txawm hais tias metallurgically bonded ntom hlau cov chaw tuaj yeem tau txais, lawv qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab qhov chaw tiav tsis zoo heev, thiab kev siv tshuab ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej siv.Laser cladding yog ib tug complex lub cev thiab tshuaj metallurgical txheej txheem, thiab cov tsis ua ntawm cov txheej txheem cladding muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau qhov zoo ntawm cov clad qhov chaw.Cov txheej txheem tsis nyob rau hauv laser cladding mas muaj xws li laser hwj chim, qhov chaw txoj kab uas hla, defocusing tus nqi, hmoov noj ceev, scanning ceev, molten pas dej ua ke kub, thiab lwm yam, uas muaj ib tug zoo heev cuam tshuam rau lub dilution tus nqi, tawg, nto roughness thiab compactness ntawm cladding qhov chaw. .Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhua qhov ntsuas kuj cuam tshuam rau ib leeg, uas yog txheej txheem nyuaj heev.Txoj kev tswj kom tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo los tswj ntau yam cuam tshuam hauv qhov kev tso cai ntawm cov txheej txheem cladding.
Ncaj qhaHlau Laser Sinterhauv(DMLS)
Feem ntau muaj ob txoj hauv kev rauSLSlos tsim cov khoom hlau, ib qho yog txoj kev tsis ncaj, uas yog, SLS ntawm polymer-coated hlau hmoov;Lwm qhov yog txoj kev ncaj nraim, uas yog, Direct Hlau Laser Sintering (DMLS).Txij li thaum kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev ncaj qha laser sintering ntawm hlau hmoov tau ua nyob rau hauv Chatofci University hauv Leuvne hauv 1991, ncaj qha sintering ntawm hlau hmoov los ua peb-dimensional qhov chaw. los ntawm cov txheej txheem SLS yog ib lub hom phiaj kawg ntawm kev tsim qauv sai.Piv nrog rau SLS thev naus laus zis, qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem DMLS yog tshem tawm cov nqi kim thiab siv sijhawm ua ntej kev kho mob thiab cov txheej txheem tom qab kho.
Nta ntawm DMLS
Raws li ib ceg ntawm SLS thev naus laus zis, DMLS thev naus laus zis muaj tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus.Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim cov khoom hlau nrog cov duab nyuaj los ntawm DMLS thev naus laus zis.Nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg, nws yog vim qhov "spheroidization" nyhuv thiab sintering deformation ntawm hlau hmoov hauv DMLS.Spheroidization yog ib qho tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas lub saum npoo ntawm cov kua hlau molten hloov mus rau ib tug kheej kheej nto nyob rau hauv lub interfacial nro ntawm cov kua hlau thiab ib puag ncig nruab nrab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua rau lub system muaj li ntawm cov nto ntawm cov molten hlau kua thiab nto ntawm cov kua hlau. qhov nruab nrab ib puag ncig nrog yam tsawg kawg nkaus dawb zog.Spheroidization yuav ua rau cov hmoov hlau tsis tuaj yeem ua kom khov tom qab melting los ua ib lub pas dej ua ke tas mus li thiab du, yog li cov khoom tsim yog xoob thiab ntxeem tau, ua rau molding tsis ua haujlwm.Vim yog cov viscosity siab heev ntawm cov hmoov hlau ib leeg nyob rau hauv cov kua theem sintering, cov nyhuv "spheroidization" yog qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab cov kab uas hla feem ntau loj dua li txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hmoov hmoov, uas ua rau muaj coob tus. pores nyob rau hauv sintered qhov chaw.Yog li, DMLS ntawm cov hmoov hlau ib leeg muaj cov txheej txheem tsis zoo, thiab feem ntau xav tau kev kho mob tom ntej, tsis yog qhov tseeb ntawm "sintering ncaj qha".
Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov "spheroidization" tshwm sim ntawm ib qho khoom siv hlau hmoov DMLS thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tsis zoo xws li sintering deformation thiab xoob ntom ntom, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov hmoov hlau sib txawv nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv lossis siv cov hmoov ua ntej alloying. .Cov txheej txheem ntau cov hmoov hlau hmoov feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau melting point hlau, qis melting point hlau thiab qee cov ntsiab lus ntxiv.Lub siab melting point hlau hmoov raws li cov pob txha hlau tuaj yeem khaws nws cov tub ntxhais hauv DMLS.Cov hmoov hlau uas tsis tshua muaj melting point yog siv los ua cov hlau nplaum, uas yog melted hauv DMLS los ua cov theem ua kua, thiab cov kua theem txheej txheej txheej, ntub dej thiab sib txuas cov khoom theem hlau ua kom tiav sintering densification.
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Contributor: Sammi